Welcome back, calibre users. It has been two years since calibre3.0. This time has been spent mostly in making the calibre Content server evermore capable as well as migrating calibre itself from Qt WebKit to QtWebEngine, because the former is no longer maintained.
Previous calibre releases. Choose a series of calibre releases. 5.x 4 releases 4.x 28 releases 3.x 66 releases 2.x 95 releases 1.x 49 releases 0.9.x 45 releases 0.8.x 71 releases 0.7.x 59 releases 0.6.x 38 releases. This article lists firearm cartridges which have a bullet in the 4 millimetres (0.16 in) to 4.99 millimetres (0.196 in) caliber range. 4 mm caliber An example of a 4-mm cartridge, a 4.25mm Liliput.
The Content server has gained the ability to Editmetadata, Add/remove books and even Convert books to andfrom all the formats calibre itself supports. It is now a full fledgedinterface to your calibre libraries.
The change to use Qt WebEngine has entailed a complete rewriteof various parts of calibre, including the E-book viewer, PDF Output,Book details etc. Every attempt has been made to preserve features and functionalityin a backwards compatible way, see below for a list of some known incompatibilities.
- The popular Nosler 95-100 grain bullets can be driven at a MV of 2856 fps in front of 42.0 grains of RL19 powder, or 3159 fps with a maximum load of 46.0 grains of RL19. RL-19 was found to be the most accurate of the powders tested with these bullets. The folks at Nosler used Remington cases and Federal 210M primers for their load development.
- Previous calibre releases (4.x) Choose a calibre release. 4.23.0; 4.22.0; 4.21.0; 4.20.0; 4.19.0; 4.18.0; 4.17.0; 4.16.0; 4.15.0; 4.14.0; 4.13.0; 4.12.0; 4.11.2; 4.11.
- The new Content server capabilitiesThe server has gained all the major capabilities of the main calibre interface. You can now edit metadata, convert books, and add/remove books and formats just as is possible with calibre itself. To see a brief tutorial describing how to access these features via the server interface, click here.
- All new e-book viewerThe calibre builtin E-book viewer has been completely rewritten. The new design emphasizes the book text, with no visible controls. The viewer now also shares a codebase with the in-browser viewer which will make developing new features such as the upcoming support for annotations much easier.
- Backwards incompatibilitiesThere are a few minor backwards incompatibilities to be aware of in calibre 4, because of the replacement of Qt WebKit with Qt WebEngine.
- The Book details panel now no longer uses a full browser engine for rendering. This makes it faster and less resource intensive, however it supports less HTML and CSS, which means if you used advanced styling in your comments it may not fully work. See here for the supported HTML subset.
- The markup needed for header and footer templates when converting to PDF has changed. See the manual for details.
This is an appropriate time to throw out a big thank you to the calibrecommunity who have contributed selflessly of their energy and enthusiasm —without which many of the features above would never have seen the light ofday. Movist pro 2 2 0 0 license key.
Note that some of these features were actually introduced during thelifetime of the 3.x series. This document describes new features as comparedto 3.0
See what was new in previous major calibre releases:3.0, 2.0, 1.0, 0.9, 0.8, 0.7.
.17 HMR | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
17-grain (1.1 g) A Sellier and Bellot .17 HMR round with a light green plastic tip. | ||||||||||||
Type | Rifle | |||||||||||
Place of origin | United States | |||||||||||
Production history | ||||||||||||
Designer | Hornady | |||||||||||
Designed | 2002 | |||||||||||
Manufacturer | CCI, Federal, Hornady, PMC,[1]Remington, Winchester | |||||||||||
Produced | 2002–present | |||||||||||
Specifications | ||||||||||||
Parent case | .22 WMR | |||||||||||
Bullet diameter | .172 in (4.4 mm) | |||||||||||
Neck diameter | .190 in (4.8 mm) | |||||||||||
Shoulder diameter | .238 in (6.0 mm) | |||||||||||
Base diameter | .238 in (6.0 mm) | |||||||||||
Rim diameter | .286 in (7.3 mm) | |||||||||||
Rim thickness | .05 in (1.3 mm) | |||||||||||
Case length | 1.058 in (26.9 mm) | |||||||||||
Overall length | 1.349 in (34.3 mm) | |||||||||||
Primer type | Rimfire | |||||||||||
Ballistic performance | ||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||
Source(s): Hornady[2] |
.17 Hornady Magnum Rimfire, commonly known as the .17 HMR, is a rimfire rifle cartridge developed by Littleman in 2002. It was developed by necking down a .22 Magnum case to take a .17 caliber (4.5 mm) projectile. Commonly loaded with a 17 grain (1.1 g) projectile, it can deliver muzzle velocities in excess of 775 m/s (2,650 ft/s).[3]
Development[edit]
Left: 17 HMR,
Right: 22 WMR
Right: 22 WMR
The .17 HMR round is similar to rounds developed by dedicated rimfire wildcatters who worked to create a rimfire cartridge with an exceptionally flat trajectory. These wildcatters were seeking to match the ballistics of the obsolete 5 mm Remington Rimfire Magnum, which was made from 1970 to 1974, and was to that point the fastest rimfire cartridge ever produced.[4] With 5 mm diameter barrels and bullets being virtually unavailable at the time (the 5mm RMR was the last commercial 5 mm round until the 2004 release of the centerfire .204 Ruger), the commercially available .17 caliber became their bullet of choice. The .22 Winchester Magnum Rimfire was the logical parent case, rather than 5mm RMR (with its unique case head size, which requires a significantly different bolt and magazine), because it was commonly available, and it is a far larger and stronger case than the next largest, the .22 Long Rifle. The .17 caliber wildcats not only met, but far exceeded the 5mm RMR's velocities and flat trajectory. The accuracy of these cartridges was also quite good. However, the downrange energy of the 5mm RMR is superior to both .22 WMR and .17 HMR, so there is still potential in the 5mm rimfire for wildcatters.[5]
Calibre 4
Hornady, in conjunction with Marlin Firearms and Sturm, Ruger & Co. (manufacturers in the rimfire rifle market), followed much the same path. With the .22 WMR case as the starting point, a simple barrel change was sufficient for most .22 WMR firearms to chamber the new cartridge. In 2002, the first rifles and ammunition began appearing on the market. While the ammunition was relatively expensive due to the high-performance .17 caliber bullets used, it was still cheaper than most centerfire ammunition. By 2004, CCI, Federal Cartridge and Remington had each introduced .17 HMR ammunition offerings.[3]
Availability[edit]
A .17 HMR round with a ballistic tip (left) compared with a .22 Long Rifle round (right)
Cartridges for .17 HMR come with bullets that weigh 15.5 grains (1.00 g), 17 grains (1.1 g), and 20 grains (1.3 g), and come in designs such as plastic-tipped bullets, hollow points, soft points, and FMJs. The terminal ballistics of the lightweight expanding bullets limit the .17 HMR to small game animals and varmints. .17 HMR ammunition is less common and more expensive than the .22 caliber rimfire rounds, but this is changing as the popularity of .17 HMR rifles gathers momentum.[6]
A case of .17 HMR rounds with hollow points
A growing number of companies offer .17 HMR ammunition. CCI Ammunition loads all of the .17 HMR ammunition for the CCI, Federal Cartridge, Hornady, and Remington brands. However, the ammunition is loaded with different bullets to different specifications.[7] Ammunition is also available from Winchester, PMC and Sellier & Bellot.
Examples of bolt-action or lever-action rifles that are chambered for (or have variants chambered for) .17 HMR include Armscor M1700, CZ 452, Ruger Model 96, and Steyr Scout.
Citing safety concerns about the round's use in semi-automatic firearms, Remington issued a product safety warning and recall notice.[8][9]
.17 Hornady Mach 2[edit]
Following the success of the .17 HMR, the .17 Hornady Mach 2 was introduced in early 2004. The .17 HM2 is based on the .22 LR (slightly shorter in case length) case necked down to .17 caliber using the same bullet as the HMR but at a velocity of approximately 2,100 feet per second (640 m/s) in the 17-grain (1.1 g) polymer tip loading.
Calibre 4 6 0 Mm =
See also[edit]
Calibre 4 6 0 Mm Equals
![Calibre 4 6 0 mm = Calibre 4 6 0 mm =](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Munisalvas_2.jpg/1200px-Munisalvas_2.jpg)
References[edit]
Calibre 4 6 0 Mm Socket
- ^PMC ammunition site
- ^'Hornady .17 HMR Page'. Archived from the original on 2007-09-27. Retrieved 2007-09-25.
- ^ ab'The .17 Hornady Magnum Rimfire'. Archived from the original on 29 September 2007. Retrieved 2007-09-25.
- ^'Magnum Rimfire Comparison: .17 HMR, 5mm Rem. RF Mag, and .22 WMR'. Archived from the original on 29 September 2007. Retrieved 2007-09-25.
- ^Centurion resumed manufacture of 5 mm RMR in 2007.
- ^The Borchardt Rifle Corp. sells parts to convert Ruger revolvers to .17 HMR.
- ^'Ammo Roundup: .17 HMR'. Archived from the original on 2009-09-16. Retrieved 2007-09-25.
- ^'.17 HMR Semi-Auto Firearm Safety Issues'. Archived from the original on 2012-02-25. Retrieved 2009-11-21.
- ^'Safety Warning And Recall Notice'. Archived from the original on 12 February 2010. Retrieved 2010-02-06.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to .17 HMR. |
![Calibre 4 6 0 mm = Calibre 4 6 0 mm =](https://www.tubosmonterrey.com.mx/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/mofle.jpg)
- Varmint Al's Field Testing the .17 HMR
Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=.17_HMR&oldid=983632082'